Background
Fertility preservation has emerged as a critical component of modern reproductive medicine, offering individuals the opportunity to safeguard reproductive potential against age-related decline, cancer treatments, genetic disorders, and other conditions that may impair fertility. Advances in cryopreservation technologies, assisted reproductive technologies (ART), and reproductive genetics have significantly expanded fertility preservation options.
Objective
This review examines current fertility preservation techniques, their clinical applications, success rates, ethical considerations, and future developments in reproductive medicine.
Methods
A comprehensive review of scientific literature published between 2015 and 2025 was conducted using major medical databases. Studies addressing fertility preservation techniques, reproductive medicine interventions, clinical outcomes, and emerging technologies were analyzed.
Results
Oocyte vitrification, embryo cryopreservation, ovarian tissue freezing, sperm banking, and testicular tissue preservation have become established fertility preservation methods. Technological advancements have improved survival rates, pregnancy outcomes, and reproductive success among cancer survivors and other at-risk populations.
Conclusion
Fertility preservation is increasingly becoming an integral aspect of reproductive healthcare. Continued innovation in reproductive technologies, personalized medicine, and fertility counseling will further enhance reproductive opportunities for diverse patient populations.